Underinsurance occurs when the sum insured on your policy is less than the actual replacement value of the insured item or property. In such cases, the Average Clause applies, which means the insurer will only pay a proportionate amount of the claim, based on the level of underinsurance.
How it works:
- Loss: N$500,000
- Sum Insured: N$1,500,000
- Actual Replacement Value: N$2,000,000
Calculation:
Settlement = Loss × (Sum Insured ÷ Replacement Value)
= N$500,000 × (1,500,000 ÷ 2,000,000)
= N$375,000 (less any excess)
Outcome: You are underinsured by 25%, so you only receive 75% of your claim.
Impact on policyholders
- Reduced Payout: You will not receive the full amount of your loss, leaving you to cover the shortfall yourself.
- Financial Strain: In major losses (e.g., fire, theft), this can result in significant out-of-pocket expenses.
- Responsibility: It is the policyholder’s duty to ensure sums insured reflect current replacement values, including inflation and improvements.
Why it happens:
- Failure to update insured values regularly.
- Rising costs of building materials, electronics, and vehicles.
- Misunderstanding that purchase price equals replacement cost (it doesn’t—replacement cost is often higher).